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NEP: New Economics Papers
Agricultural Economics
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Edited by: Angelo Zago
http://ideas.repec.org/e/pza49.html
Universita degli Studi di Verona
Date: 2005-09-17
Papers: 4
This document is in the public domain, feel free to circulate it.
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In this issue we have:
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1. The Transition to Agriculture: Climate Reversals, Population
Density, and Technical Change
Gregory K. Dow; Nancy Olewiler; Clyde G. Reed
2. On Limits to the Use of Linear Markov Strategies in Common
Property Natural Resource Games
GAUDET, G?rard; LOHOUES, Herv?
3. What?s Keeping the Apples Away? Addressing the Market
Integration Issue
Deodhar Satish Y
4. Liquidity Constraint and Child Labor In India: Is Market
Really Incapable Of Eradicating It From Wage-Labor Households?
Basab Dasgupta
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1. The Transition to Agriculture: Climate Reversals, Population
Density, and Technical Change
Gregory K. Dow (Simon Fraser University)
Nancy Olewiler (Simon Fraser University)
Clyde G. Reed (Simon Fraser University)
Until about 13,000 years ago all humans obtained their food
through hunting and gathering, but thereafter people in some
parts of the world began a transition to agriculture. Recent data
strongly implicate climate change as the driving force behind the
agricultural transition in southwest Asia. We propose a model of
this process in which population and technology respond
endogenously to climate. The key idea is that after a lengthy
period of favorable environmental conditions during which
regional population grew significantly, an abrupt climate
reversal forced people to take refuge at a few ecologically
favored sites. The resulting spike in local population density
reduced the marginal product of labor in foraging and made
agriculture attractive. Once agriculture was initiated, rapid
technological progress through artificial selection on plant
characteristics led to domesticated varieties. Farming became a
permanent part of the regional economy when this productivity
growth was combined with climate recovery
Keywords: origins of agriculture, foraging, hunting and
gathering, climate change, population density,
technical change, domestication, archaeology,
anthropology, economic prehistory
JEL: N
Date: 2005-09-09
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wpa:wuwpeh:0509003&r=agr
2. On Limits to the Use of Linear Markov Strategies in Common
Property Natural Resource Games
GAUDET, G?rard
LOHOUES, Herv?
We derive conditions that must be satisfied by the primitives of
the problem in order for an equilibrium in linear Markov
strategies to exist in some common property natural resource
differential games. These conditions impose restrictions on the
admissible form of the natural growth function, given a benefit
function, or on the admissible form of the benefit function,
given a natural growth function.
Keywords: common orty, natural resources, differential games,
linear Markov strategies
JEL: C73 D90 Q20
Date: 2005
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mtl:montde:2005-15&r=agr
3. What?s Keeping the Apples Away? Addressing the Market
Integration Issue
Deodhar Satish Y
Apples have been grown in India for a century. At present apple
production exceeds 1.4 million tonnes a year. Still, there are
wide variations in the apple prices across the country. We test
the price data for market integration using cointegration and
error correction methodology. Delhi, the major wholesale market
for apples, does not seem to influence other markets. Mumbai
market does influence Bangalore market, although with about a two
week lag. Absence of integration can be attributed to traders
from southern region bypassing the Delhi wholesale market,
cascading effect of trader margins at various distribution points,
absence of competition to agricultural produce marketing
committee markets, and, inadequacy of road and cool chain
infrastructure.
Date: 2005-08-12
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:2005-08-03&r=agr
4. Liquidity Constraint and Child Labor In India: Is Market
Really Incapable Of Eradicating It From Wage-Labor Households?
Basab Dasgupta (University of Connecticut)
One way to measure the lower steady state equilibrium outcome in
human capital development is the incidence of child labor in most
of the developing countries. With the help of Indian household
level data in an overlapping generation framework, we show that
production loans under credit rationing are not optimally
extended towards firms because of issues with adverse selection.
More stringent rationing in the credit market creates a
distortion in the labor market by increasing adult wage rate and
the demand for child labor. Lower availability of funds under
stringent rationing coupled with increased demand for loans
induces the high risk firms to replace adult labor by child labor.
A switch of regime from credit rationing to revelation regime
can clear such imperfections in the labor market. The equilibrium
higher wage rate elevates the household consumption to a
significantly higher level than the subsistence under credit
rationing and therefore higher level of human capital development
is assured leading to no supply of child labor.
Keywords: Credit Rationing, Informal Credit, Child Labor, Self
Revelation Mechanism
JEL: O16 O17
Date: 2005-08
URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uct:uconnp:2005-37&r=agr
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